研究方法
本页说明学校排名及大学分级方式,并清楚交代当中的判断准则,而非将其隐藏在程式之中。
1. 三个类别,不再是单一名单
并非每所学校公布的资料性质相同,本站不再假装它们一样。学校分为三个类别,只有第一类纳入排名:
公布每间大学的真实入读人数——不只是校名,而是实际入读的学生数目。这些学校互相排名比较。
公布真实已确认的大学升学去向——毕业生实际入读的大学——但从未公布每间大学的入读人数。独立列出,不设排名。
公布的是取录大学,并非实际入读的大学。学生可同时获多间取录,但只会入读一所。独立列出,不设排名。
此方法较早前的版本有所改变。旧版本将所有学校(包括只公布名称的学校)一并排名,每所不同大学只计算一次,不论入读人数。此做法无法分辨一名学生入读与三十名学生入读的大学;亦令部分学校即使公布了真实入读人数,这些数字也未被善用。新方法只将能够按实际入读人数加权计算的学校纳入排名,并清楚交代哪些学校因此被剔除,以及原因。
2. 第一类如何排名
第一类学校公布的每所大学均按升学结果分为第一至第五级。与单纯列出名单不同,每所大学对学校评分的贡献,会按实际入读该校的学生人数加权计算——三十名学生入读的大学,贡献是只有一名学生入读的大学的三十倍。排名依据是学校实际入读学生中,属第一级或第二级大学的合计比例——第一级为八所常春藤盟校、MIT、加州理工、史丹福及牛津剑桥,第二级为下文定义的次一级顶尖院校。对大部分学校而言,单独计算第一级的数字偏小、波动亦大——往往只涉及少数牛津剑桥或常春藤盟校的学生——因此与第二级合计,能更完整、更稳定地反映学校整体的顶尖大学升学表现。
3. 报告期调整
公布 N 年入读资料的学校有 N 次机会令学生入读罕见的第一或第二级大学,因此原始数目会受报告期长短影响,不能只反映大学的选择性。在数字已按人数加权计算后,这一点更为重要:公布 7 年累积入读资料的学校,即使每年的入学竞争力相同,原始第一级人数自然会比只公布 1 年的学校为高。
- 这是刻意采取的较强调整方式,因此第一级大学原始人数较少的一年期学校,排名可能高于原始人数较多的多年期学校。
- 第一类学校的报告期差异甚大——大部分为 1 至 5 年,其中一所长达 7 年。查看各校页面上的「报告年数」数字,以配合排名一并判读。
这是网站采用的唯一排名方式;排名页面上的每所学校均以相同方法评分。
4. 五级评级
分级综合考虑全球声誉及入学选择性,第一级最难入读。第一及第二级依据公开的外部排名而非个人意见,包括《U.S. News》美国最佳全国大学排名及《The Times/Sunday Times》英国优秀大学指南。
| 级别 | 定义 | 代表大学 |
|---|---|---|
| 第一级 | 8 所常春藤盟校 + MIT + 加州理工 + 史丹福 + 牛津 + 剑桥 | Harvard、Yale、Princeton、MIT、Stanford、Oxford、Cambridge… |
| 第二级 | US News 首 27 位(第一级除外)+ Sunday Times 英国首 10 位(牛津剑桥除外)+ 顶尖国际大学 + 美国文理学院首 7 位 | Duke、Johns Hopkins、UCLA、Berkeley、LSE、Imperial、UCL、Bath、Tsinghua、NUS、Williams、Amherst… |
| 第三级 | 未列入第二级排名的非常优秀大学 | NYU、Georgia Tech、UCSD、King's College London、Edinburgh、HKU、Middlebury、Barnard… |
| 第四级 | 优秀/稳健 | Boston College、Boston University、Northeastern、英国红砖大学、UBC、HKUST、CUHK… |
| 第五级 | 其他/相对较易入读/专门院校 | 社区学院、加州州立大学、地区大学、艺术及设计院校… |
第一级 完整名单 — 13 所大学
| Brown University |
| Columbia University |
| Columbia University in the City of New York |
| Cornell University |
| Dartmouth College |
| Harvard University |
| Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| Princeton University |
| Stanford University |
| University of Cambridge |
| University of Oxford |
| University of Pennsylvania |
| Yale University |
第二级 完整名单 — 40 所大学
| Amherst College |
| Bowdoin College |
| Carleton College |
| Carnegie Mellon University |
| Duke University |
| Durham University |
| ETH Zürich |
| Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne |
| Emory University |
| Georgetown University |
| Imperial College London |
| Johns Hopkins University |
| London School of Economics and Political Science |
| Loughborough University |
| National University of Singapore |
| Northwestern University |
| Peking University |
| Pomona College |
| Rice University |
| Swarthmore College |
| Tsinghua University |
| UCL (University College London) |
| University College London |
| University of Bath |
| University of California, Berkeley |
| University of California, Los Angeles |
| University of Chicago |
| University of Michigan |
| University of Michigan, Ann Arbor |
| University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
| University of Notre Dame |
| University of Southern California |
| University of St Andrews |
| University of Virginia |
| University of Warwick |
| Vanderbilt University |
| Washington University in St Louis |
| Wellesley College |
| Williams College |
| École polytechnique (Palaiseau) |
第三级 完整名单 — 53 所大学
| ArtCenter College of Design |
| Australian National University |
| Barnard College |
| Bocconi University |
| Bryn Mawr College |
| Claremont McKenna College |
| Colgate University |
| Cooper Union |
| Deep Springs College |
| Delft University of Technology |
| EHL (École Hôtelière de Lausanne) |
| ESCP Business School |
| ESSEC Business School |
| Georgia Institute of Technology |
| Grinnell College |
| Hamilton College |
| Harvey Mudd College |
| King's College London |
| Koc University |
| Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) |
| Leiden University |
| McGill University |
| Middlebury College |
| Nanyang Technological University |
| New York University |
| Osaka University |
| Rhode Island School of Design |
| Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland |
| Sciences Po |
| Seoul National University |
| Smith College |
| TU Eindhoven |
| Technical University of Munich |
| Trinity College Dublin |
| Tufts University |
| University of Auckland |
| University of Bristol |
| University of California, San Diego |
| University of Edinburgh |
| University of Hong Kong |
| University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign |
| University of Manchester |
| University of Melbourne |
| University of Nottingham |
| University of Otago |
| University of St. Gallen |
| University of Sydney |
| University of Toronto |
| University of Waterloo |
| Utrecht University |
| Vassar College |
| World Bachelor in Business (USC/Bocconi/HKUST) |
| Yonsei University |
第四级 完整名单 — 202 所大学
| Adelaide University |
| Architectural Association |
| Auckland University of Technology |
| Babson College |
| Bates College |
| Baylor University |
| Berklee College of Music |
| Boston College |
| Boston University |
| Brandeis University |
| Brunel University London |
| California Polytechnic State University-San Luis Obispo |
| Cardiff University |
| Carleton University |
| Case Western Reserve University |
| Case Western University |
| Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| City St George's, University of London |
| City University of Hong Kong |
| City, University of London |
| Clark University |
| Clemson University |
| Colby College |
| Colorado College |
| Colorado State University |
| Concordia University |
| Coventry University |
| Curtin University |
| Dalhousie University |
| Deakin University |
| Denison University |
| Drexel University |
| EDHEC Business School |
| Education University of Hong Kong |
| Emerson College |
| Erasmus University Rotterdam |
| Esade Ramon Lull University |
| Florida International University |
| Fordham University |
| George Washington University |
| Glasgow School of Art |
| Goldsmiths, University of London |
| Gonzaga University |
| Griffith University |
| Hanken School of Economics, Helsinki |
| Hanyang University |
| Harper and Keele Veterinary School |
| Haverford College |
| Heriot-Watt University |
| Hong Kong Polytechnic University |
| Hong Kong University of Science and Technology |
| IE University |
| Indiana University |
| Indiana University-Bloomington |
| Keio University |
| Kyung Hee University |
| Lancaster University |
| Lehigh University |
| Leipzig University |
| Lewis & Clark College |
| Lingnan University |
| Loyola Marymount University |
| Lund University |
| Maastricht University |
| Macalester College |
| Macquarie University |
| Manchester School of Architecture |
| McMaster University |
| Michigan State University |
| Minerva University |
| Monash University |
| Mount Holyoke College |
| Newcastle University |
| North Carolina State University |
| North Carolina State University at Raleigh |
| Northeastern University |
| Northumbria University |
| Nottingham Trent University |
| Occidental College |
| Ohio State University |
| Ohio Wesleyan University |
| Otis College of Art and Design |
| Parsons School of Design |
| Pennsylvania State University |
| Pennsylvania State University, University Park |
| Pepperdine University |
| Pratt Institute |
| Purdue University |
| Queen Mary University of London |
| Queen's University |
| Queen's University of Belfast |
| Queensland University of Technology |
| RMIT University |
| Radboud University |
| Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute |
| Rhode Island School of Design |
| Royal Academy of Music |
| Royal College of Music |
| Royal Conservatoire of Scotland |
| Royal Holloway, University of London |
| Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology |
| Royal Veterinary College |
| Royal Veterinary College, University of London |
| Rutgers University-New Brunswick |
| SOAS University of London |
| Santa Clara University |
| Sarah Lawrence College |
| Savannah College of Art and Design |
| School of Visual Arts |
| School of the Art Institute of Chicago |
| Scripps College |
| Seattle University |
| Simon Fraser University |
| Singapore Institute of Technology |
| Singapore Management University |
| Skidmore College |
| Sophia University |
| St George's University of London |
| St Olaf College |
| Stevens Institute of Technology |
| Stony Brook University |
| Sungkyunkwan University |
| Swansea University |
| Syracuse University |
| Texas A & M University |
| The New School (Parsons) |
| The New School, Parsons School for Design |
| Tilburg University |
| Trinity College |
| Trinity University |
| UWE Bristol |
| United States Naval Academy |
| University College Cork |
| University College Dublin |
| University College Maastricht |
| University College Utrecht |
| University of Aberdeen |
| University of Adelaide |
| University of Alberta |
| University of Amsterdam |
| University of Birmingham |
| University of British Columbia |
| University of Calgary |
| University of California, Davis |
| University of California, Irvine |
| University of California, Santa Barbara |
| University of California, Santa Cruz |
| University of Canterbury |
| University of Colorado Boulder |
| University of Connecticut |
| University of Delaware |
| University of Exeter |
| University of Florida |
| University of Galway |
| University of Glasgow |
| University of Groningen |
| University of Guelph |
| University of Iowa |
| University of Leeds |
| University of Leicester |
| University of Liverpool |
| University of Maryland |
| University of Maryland-College Park |
| University of Massachusetts Amherst |
| University of Minnesota-Twin Cities |
| University of New South Wales |
| University of Newcastle |
| University of Nottingham |
| University of Oregon |
| University of Ottawa |
| University of Pittsburgh |
| University of Queensland |
| University of Reading |
| University of Rochester |
| University of San Diego |
| University of Sheffield |
| University of Southampton |
| University of Strathclyde |
| University of Surrey |
| University of Sussex |
| University of Technology Sydney |
| University of Tsukuba |
| University of Twente |
| University of Waikato |
| University of Warsaw |
| University of Washington |
| University of Washington-Seattle |
| University of Western Australia |
| University of Westminster |
| University of Wisconsin |
| University of Wisconsin, Madison |
| University of Wisconsin–Madison |
| University of Wollongong |
| University of York |
| Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University |
| Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam |
| Waseda University |
| Wesleyan University |
| Western University |
| Wheaton College |
| Worcester Polytechnic Institute |
| York University |
第五级 完整名单 — 250 所大学
| Aberystwyth University |
| American University |
| American University in Dubai |
| Amsterdam Fashion Academy |
| Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences |
| Andrews University |
| Arizona State University |
| Arts University Bournemouth |
| Asia Pacific University |
| Aston University |
| Augustana University |
| Australian Film Television and Radio School |
| BIMM University |
| Bangor University |
| Bath Spa University |
| Biola University |
| Birkbeck, University of London |
| Birmingham City University |
| Bishop's University |
| Bournemouth University |
| Brandon University |
| Brigham Young University |
| British Columbia Institute of Technology |
| Brunel University London |
| Bryant University |
| California Baptist University |
| California College of the Arts |
| California Lutheran University |
| California State - Long Beach |
| California State - Pomona |
| California State University, Fullerton |
| California State University-Fresno |
| California State University-Los Angeles |
| California State University-Northridge |
| Calvin University |
| Canterbury Christ Church University |
| Capilano University |
| Cardiff Metropolitan University |
| Carson Newman University |
| Central Film School |
| Central Washington University |
| Cesar Ritz Colleges |
| Chapman University |
| Coventry University |
| Curry College |
| De Anza College |
| De Montfort University |
| Durham University International Study Centre |
| EHL Hospitality Business & Hotel Management School (École Hôtelière de Lausanne) |
| EU Business School |
| Ecole Hoteliere de Lausanne |
| Edge Hill University |
| Edinburgh Napier University |
| Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University |
| Emily Carr University of Art and Design |
| European School of Economics |
| Falmouth University |
| Fontys University of Applied Sciences |
| Frankfurt Business School |
| Franklin University Switzerland |
| Fraser International College |
| Glasgow Caledonian University |
| Grand Canyon University |
| HKU Space |
| HKU Space Community College |
| HKU Space International College |
| HKU Space Po Leung Kuk Stanley Ho Community College |
| HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht |
| HZ University of Applied Sciences |
| Hang Seng University of Hong Kong |
| Harper Adams University |
| Hartpury University |
| High Point University |
| Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts |
| Hong Kong Baptist University |
| Hong Kong Baptist University - College of International Education |
| Hong Kong Metropolitan University |
| Hong Kong Shue Yan University |
| Hotelschool The Hague |
| Hult International Business School |
| Huntington University |
| Huron at Western University |
| James Madison University |
| Keele University |
| Keiser University |
| Kent State University |
| Kingston University |
| L3 Harris Academy |
| LASALLE College of the Arts |
| Lancaster University Leipzig |
| Langara College |
| Leeds Arts University |
| Leeds Beckett University |
| Leeds Conservatoire |
| Leiden University College The Hague |
| Les Roches - Spain Campus |
| Les Roches International School of Hotel Management |
| Life University |
| Liverpool Hope University |
| Liverpool John Moores University |
| London Academy of Music & Dramatic Art |
| London Film Academy |
| London Metropolitan University |
| London South Bank University |
| Louisiana State University |
| Loyola University Chicago |
| Luxury Hotelschool Paris |
| Manchester Metropolitan University |
| Massachusetts College of Art and Design |
| McNeese State University |
| Meredith College |
| MetFilm |
| Middle Georgia State University |
| Middlesex University |
| Middlesex University Dubai |
| Minnesota State University Moorhead |
| Monash College |
| Montana State University |
| Montclair State University |
| Mount Royal University |
| NSCAD University |
| Nagoya University of Commerce and Business |
| National University of Distance Education (UNED) |
| Northeastern University (London Campus) |
| Norwich University of the Arts |
| Nottingham Trent International College |
| OCAD University |
| Orange Coast College |
| Oregon State University |
| Oxford Brookes University |
| Pace University |
| Pasadena City College |
| Polimoda |
| Queen Margaret University |
| Queen Mary University of London (Malta) |
| Queenstown Resort College |
| Quinnipiac University |
| Ravensbourne University London |
| Regent's University London |
| Ringling College of Art and Design |
| Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University |
| Ritsumeikan University |
| Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences |
| Saint George Hospital University Medical Center |
| Saint Mary's University |
| San Diego State University |
| San Francisco Art Institute |
| San Francisco State University |
| San Jose State University |
| San Mateo Community College |
| Sancta Sophia College |
| Santa Monica College |
| Sault University |
| Saxion University of Applied Science |
| School of Continuing and Professional Studies |
| Seattle Pacific University |
| Sheffield Hallam University |
| Sheridan College |
| Siena College |
| St Mary's University, Twickenham |
| St. George's University |
| Staffordshire University |
| Suffolk University |
| Sungshin Women's University |
| Susquehanna University |
| Sustainability Management School (SUMAS) |
| Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong |
| Teesside University, Middlesbrough |
| Temple College |
| Temple University |
| The American University of Paris |
| The Engineering & Design Institute, London |
| The Hague University of Applied Sciences |
| The New School |
| Toronto Metropolitan University |
| Trent University |
| Tung Wah College |
| UC San Diego Health System |
| UOW College Hong Kong |
| Ulster University |
| University Academy 92 |
| University for the Creative Arts |
| University of Aizu |
| University of Alabama |
| University of Arizona |
| University of Bradford |
| University of Bremen |
| University of Brighton |
| University of Buckingham |
| University of California, Merced |
| University of California, Riverside |
| University of Canberra |
| University of Central Lancashire |
| University of Chichester |
| University of Colorado Colorado Springs |
| University of Dayton |
| University of Derby |
| University of Dundee |
| University of East Anglia |
| University of Essex |
| University of Gloucestershire |
| University of Hawaii at Manoa |
| University of Hertfordshire |
| University of Huddersfield |
| University of Hull |
| University of International Business |
| University of Kent |
| University of Kentucky |
| University of La Verne |
| University of London |
| University of New Haven |
| University of Nicosia |
| University of North Texas |
| University of Nottingham Ningbo China |
| University of Plymouth |
| University of Portsmouth |
| University of Richmond |
| University of Roehampton |
| University of Roehampton London |
| University of Salford |
| University of San Francisco |
| University of South Dakota |
| University of South Wales |
| University of Stirling |
| University of Suffolk |
| University of Texas - El Paso |
| University of Victoria |
| University of Wales Trinity Saint David |
| University of Westminster |
| University of Winchester |
| University of Windsor |
| University of Worcester |
| University of the Arts London |
| University of the Pacific |
| University of the West of England |
| Utah State University |
| VTC Hong Kong Design Institute |
| Vatel Switzerland - Ecole Hoteliere du Valais |
| Vocational Training Council |
| Washburn University |
| Webster University Geneva |
| Western Michigan University |
| Wilfrid Laurier University |
| Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University |
| Yamanashi Gakuin University |
| Yew Chung College of Early Childhood Education |
| York College of Pennsylvania |
| York St John University |
| ZUYD University of Applied Sciences |
| École de l'image Gobelins |
- Bath 和 Loughborough纯粹因 Sunday Times 将其列入首十位(著重教学质素及学生满意度)而属第二级,位置远高于全球研究型排名。
- 相反,King's College London、Edinburgh、Manchester 和 Bristol 属第三级;虽然全球声誉良好,但并未进入 Sunday Times 首十位。这是采用该指南后预期出现的结果。
- 排名每年均会变动。第二级名单以特定版本为准(U.S. News 2025/Sunday Times 2025)。
5. 资料处理规则
只适用于第一类。每所大学对学校级别比例的贡献,按学校公布的真实入读人数加权计算,并非不论人数只计算一次。
计算比例前,加权后的第一及第二级数目会除以公开名单涵盖的年数(五年名单 ÷5,一年名单 ÷1)。详见上文的报告期调整。
如来源有加以区分,只采用已确认入读/注册人数,不采用取录数字。
如学校只公布取录名单,且无法分辨实际入读者,便不符合排名资格。取录数字可能被夸大,因为一名学生可同时持有多个取录而最终只入读一所大学;因此这些学校不会以灰色显示,而是独立列出,详见上文第三类。
只公布大学名称而没有逐校入读人数的学校,无法按实际入读人数加权计算,因此不会与第一类学校一并排名——会独立列为第二类,并仍会显示其级别比例(每所大学只计算一次,这是没有真实人数下唯一可行的方法)。
如来源分别列出牛津或剑桥的个别学院,数字会合并至大学层级。
每项数字均可追溯至学校正式发布的报告;各校页面列出确切来源文件。